Breast Reconstruction: Overview and Risks

Posted by Clio Websites on August 20th, 2024

Breast reconstruction is a surgical procedure designed to rebuild the shape and appearance of a breast after a mastectomy or lumpectomy. This can involve using implants, which are inserted to create the breast mound, or flap techniques, where tissue from another part of the body is used to reconstruct the breast. The goal is to restore both the physical appearance and psychological well-being of the individual.

However, like any surgery, breast reconstruction carries certain risks and potential complications. Here are some of the key risks associated with the procedure:

1. Infection: Common with any surgery, infections can present as redness, swelling, warmth, tenderness, or pus around the incision site. Severe cases may lead to fever and chills. Prompt treatment is essential to prevent complications.

2. Bleeding: Excessive bleeding during or after surgery can result in hematoma (a collection of blood under the skin), causing swelling and bruising. In severe cases, it may lead to hypovolemic shock, a dangerous drop in blood pressure.

3. Anesthesia Risks: General anesthesia is generally safe but comes with rare risks such as allergic reactions or breathing problems. Continuous monitoring during surgery helps to mitigate these risks.

4. Blood Clots: Post-surgical immobility can lead to blood clots in the legs (deep vein thrombosis) or lungs (pulmonary embolism). Symptoms include leg swelling or chest pain. Early mobilization and blood-thinning medications help prevent clot formation.

5. Fluid Accumulation: Seroma, or fluid buildup, can occur after surgery, leading to discomfort and increased risk of infection. Drains may be placed to remove excess fluid, and compression garments may aid in drainage.

6. Poor Wound Healing: Factors such as infection or underlying health conditions can impair wound healing, leading to complications like delayed closure. Proper post-operative care and lifestyle adjustments can improve healing outcomes.

7. Altered Sensation: Reconstruction can affect the sensation in the breast or nipple, resulting in numbness or hypersensitivity. Discussing these potential changes with your surgeon beforehand can help manage expectations.

8. Implant Complications: Implants can lead to issues such as rupture, capsular contracture (hardening of the tissue around the implant), or malposition. Regular monitoring and awareness of symptoms are crucial for early intervention.

9. Tissue Flap Issues: Flap reconstruction carries the risk of flap failure, where the transplanted tissue might not receive adequate blood supply, potentially leading to tissue death. Immediate intervention may be necessary to address this issue.

Discussing these risks with your surgeon will help you make an informed decision and prepare for the potential outcomes of breast reconstruction.