6 Tips to Improve Your Exception HandlingPosted by infocampus on December 2nd, 2017 Getting exception handling right can save you hours (or even days) of troubleshooting. Unexpected production issues can ruin your dinner and weekend plans. They can even affect your reputation if not resolved quickly. Having a clear policy on how to manage exceptions will save you time diagnosing, reproducing, and correcting issues. Here are 6 tips to improve your exception handling. An exception (or exceptional event) is a problem that arises during the execution of a program. When an Exception occurs the normal flow of the program is disrupted and the program/Application terminates abnormally, which is not recommended, therefore, these exceptions are to be handled. An exception can occur for many different reasons. Following are some scenarios where an exception occurs.
Some of these exceptions are caused by user error, others by programmer error, and others by physical resources that have failed in some manner. Based on these, we have three categories of Exceptions. You need to understand them to know how exception handling works in Java programming.
1. Use a single, system-wide exception classInstead of creating separate classes for each exception type, create just one. And make it extend RuntimeException. This will reduce your class count and remove the need to declare exceptions you aren’t going to handle anyway. I know what you’re thinking: How will I tell exceptions apart if they’re all the same type? And how will I track type-specific properties? Read on! 2. Use enums for error codesMost of us were trained to put the cause of an exception into its message. This is fine when reviewing log files (ugh), but it does have drawbacks:
Putting info in the message also leaves the wording up to each developer, which can lead to different phrases for the same failure. A better approach is to use enums to indicate the exception’s type. Create one enum for each category of errors (payments, authentication, etc.). Make the enums implement an ErrorCode interface and reference it as a field in the exception. When throwing exceptions, simply pass in the appropriate enum. Now when you need to test for a specific case, just compare the exception’s code with the enum. 3. Add error numbers to enumsIn some cases a numerical error code can be associated with each exception. HTTP responses for example. For those cases, add a getNumber method to the ErrorCode interface and implement it in each enum. learn java tutorial Numbering can be globally unique across all enums or each enum can be responsible for numbering itself. You can even use the implicit ordinal() method or load numbers from a file or database. 4. Add dynamic fields to your exceptionsGood exception handling means also recording relevant data, not just the stack trace. Doing this will save you big time when trying to diagnose and reproduce errors. And customers won’t have to tell you what they were doing when your app stopped working (you’ll already know and hopefully have fixed it). The easiest way to do this is to add a java.util.Map field to the exception. The new field’s job will be to hold all your exception related data by name. You’ll also need to add a generic setter method following the fluent interface pattern. 5. Prevent unnecessary nestingLong, redundant stack traces help no one. Even worse, they waste your time and resources. When rethrowing exceptions, call a static wrap method instead of the exception’s constructor . The wrap method will be responsible for deciding when to nest exceptions and when to just return the original instance. 6. Use a central logger with a web dashboardConsider this tip a bonus. Depending on your situation, getting access to production logs could be quite a hassle. A hassle that may involve multiple go-betweens (since many developers don’t have access to production environments). Things get worse if you’re in a multi-server environment. Finding the right server — or determining that the problem only affects one server — can be quite a headache. My recommendations are:
There are many ways to do this and may products to choose from: log collectors, remote loggers, JMX agents, system monitoring software, etc. You can even build it yourself. The main thing is that you do it soon. Once you have it, you’ll be able to:
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