Endocrine system

Posted by Winnie Melda on March 27th, 2019

The endocrine system consists of glands that secrete hormone that regulate the functions of cells and organs.

Growth hormone- regulates the growth of bones and other organs.

Somatostatin- inhibits the functioning of other hormones such as the growth hormone.

Pancreas

Adrenaline

Type 1 diabetes is a form of diabetes that results from the auto-destruction of the insulin producing beta cells

The level of calcium ions in the blood is regulated by the parathyloid hormone. The PTH increases the level of calcium into the blood by increasing the reabsorption of calcium ions by the kidneys before the formation of urine. Calcitonin hormone reduces the levels of hormone in blood by inhibiting the actions of PTH. The hormones provide a feedback to the brain for it to affect neural processing while the hypothalamus controls the different endocrine glands. Follicle follicular epithelial cell parafollicular cell

An adrenal medulla cell a hormone is a chemical molecule transported in body fluids and has a regulatory function.

 Hormones have ligands that bind to specific receptors to form a complex that accomplishes the purpose. Every hormone ligand is specific to a particular receptor.  Insulin reduces the glucose levels in blood by making the liver convert more glucose into glycogen and by forcing different body cells such as the muscle cells to take up and store more glucose. Blood pressure increases while heart rate decreases with a decrease in temperature. The blood pressure increases because the little heat that the body produces needs to be transported to different body parts faster while the decrease in heart rate is as a result of the need to conserve the body heat. The blood pressure will have insignificance variation while standing or sitting while the heart rate will be high when standing than when seated. The endocrine system works as a thermostat in regulation of body temperature. It releases hormones that increase the blood pressure and decreases heart rate due to exposure to low temperatures. The endocrine gland would also produce hormones that increases the heart rate while one is standing

Adrenal glands and adrenalin hormone

Both the sudden decrease in temperature and change in position are detected by the body as emergencies thus treated as fight or flight responses.

Transect dissection-involves cutting the muscles near their midpoint and the cut is perpendicular to muscle fibers

Reflect dissection-involves lifting of the transected muscles to expose inner muscles.

The pig had large organs that were easy to identify.  The thymus gland of pig is very large.

The thyroid gland produces hormone thyroxin that regulates metabolic activities like the protein synthesis. The release of the hormone is regulated by TSH whereby an increase in production of THS increases the release of thyroxin hormone. The hormone acts on all types of cells.

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