Criminal Justice

Posted by Melda Research on April 5th, 2019

Traditional policing entails the emphasis on the separation of the police duties from the politics in the environment. The police in this context are regularly held accountable by the political bodies, as well as the law. In this approach, the police have a range of interventions that best described as being narrow. The police in this approach typically rely on the coercive power that the criminal law possesses to gain control. The principal mode of acquiring the compliance is via the subjection of the residents to the threat of arrest. The police organizations in regard to this approach create the control appearance via command that highly ritualized as well as control systems. None the less the police do not have any latitude in the process of decision making in this particular field. The approach possesses a limited crime control as well as law enforcement coupled with a focus on crime repression (Harpaz, 2013).

COPPS, on the other hand, entails the policing philosophy that maintains as well as encourages strategies in that enhance concentration on causes, as well as a reduction of fear of crime. The strategy encourages social order via tactics that revolve around the problem-solving, as well as partnerships between the community and the police. The differences between the traditional and COPPs are policing revolve around the fact that community policing entail the police being the public while the being seen as the police. Traditional policing, on the other hand, perceives the police to be an agency whose sole role is in the enforcement of the law. The relationship between the police and departments in the public service entail the sole priority in the management of conflicts. The community policing approach on the other hand sees the relationship as the police being one of the numerous departments available for the improvement of the quality of life for citizens (Harpaz, 2013).

 The police in traditional policing have their role as being the solving of crimes during the COPPS, on the other hand, offers a problem-solving approach that is wide. Efficiency of the police in traditional policing is via criminal arrests and detection rates in the COPPS approach, on the other hand, is in relation to the absence of disorder as well crimes. Crimes are the highest priority for traditional policing while issues disturbing the community are the priority in the COPPS approach. The police in traditional policing work for their chiefs and mayors while they work for the community in the COPPs approach. The similarities between the two approaches entail the fact that both approaches have strategies in place to ensure that they get the cases of crime out of the community. Both approaches respond to infringements calls from the community in an effort to uphold the law and laws in the same communities (Jones, 2007).

The central principle of community policing revolve around patrol organizational reorientation and decentralization in an effort to enhance information gathering and communication. The enhancement is meant to target the efficiency in communication between the public and the police. The philosophy ensures an approach that encourages the commitment to policies that target the problem-solving. There should be the plan that offers a comprehensive plan for the improvement of policing with an emphasis being on the addressing of substantive problems. The traditional policing philosophy entails an emphasis on the serious crimes, with the police having the sole purpose of fighting crimes. The philosophy is in reference to the application of the law as well as crime deterrence as being the central fundamentals of the philosophy. The similarities between the two policing models entail the fact that both involve the scanning in an effort to identify as well as prioritize their solutions. The both employ a study in relation to the offenders’ information, crime locations as well as victims. The two models have plans for the devising of strategies in which they are going to use in the responding to the various issues that are resulting from crimes in the society (Adams, 2005).

The leadership skills that are inherent in COPP approach entail the fact that the leadership of the community policing include the fact that the leadership should have a passion for the police work. Thus with the officials having the passion, they will be more interested in addressing the root causes of the community problems. Thus, the policies they instigate will be having the betterment interests of the community. Charisma helps the leadership makes it possible to offer the organization mission to the junior officers thus encouraging them to perform better. The leadership should also be able to instill pride in the officers in order to ensure that they have confidence in the performance of their duties (Harpaz, 2013). The leadership should show the commitment thy have towards effecting the changes that are necessary to the implementation of the community policing. The leadership should be innovative as well as giving the junior officers the autonomy to be innovative in the practice. The leadership should also ensure that the chain of command is well followed to guarantee commitment towards community policing in the organization. The leadership should have firms’ enforcement of authority to ultimately the abuse of authority in an effort to reinforce the abuse of authority, as well as the excessive use of the same authority. The leadership should also be able to deal with any cases of disharmony among the employees to enhance unity (Jones, 2007).

The employees that the leadership desires to have in their operations entail the fact that the employees should indicate leadership skills in their enforcement of community policing. The employees should indicate the commitment they have towards the enforcement that is seen they perform in the community. The officers should have a problem-solving skills to enable them be in a position to contribute positively to the community policing philosophy.

The theories applicable to the policing strategies include the broken windows theory applicable to the COPP approach. The theory posits that by the maintenance as well as monitoring of the community surroundings, small crimes including public drinking, vandalism can prevent. The creation of the law and order in the atmosphere helps in the prevention of such crimes. On occasions when the policing officers are conducting their beats around the community, criminals who would have otherwise predisposed to crimes such as vandalism will fear arrest by the officers. The noticing of such minor events and occasions such as leaving the car window open would offer an opportunity for a criminal to steal from the vehicle. However, when such a minor incident is noticed and corrected early, the crime is thus prevented. Social cognitive theory is the other theory that is applicable to both traditional and COPP strategies. Via the observation of the community members, the policing officers are in a position to learn the most prevalent behaviors in that community. As a result, they can design more efficient policing strategies meant to address the most pertinent issues affecting the particular community (Harpaz, 2013).

 The conflict theory, on the other hand, holds that community via the constant changes entails a constant conflict as individuals fight for the limited resources. The policing officers via the regulation of the various resources in the community that typically result in the conflicts can manage the disharmony in the society. Functionalism theory, on the other hand, posits that the community is a system held together by different factions that by performing their diverse duties respectively contribute to the cohesion of the whole community (Harpaz, 2013). The policing strategies should act to monitor the performance of the various parts of the community such as the leadership and by ensuring it is efficient, the harmony in the community is upheld. Game theory is greatly applicable to the traditional policing where the officers can apply the theory premises in handling the criminals. Through the anticipation of how the criminals are going to act next, the enforcers will be in a position to preempt the criminals in all their undertakings thus resulting into general deterrence.

The leadership in the COPP approach entails having a department that empowers the community in order to get their support in the policing efforts. Traditional policing, on the other hand, encompasses a management that does not empower the community having their interest in only deterrence thus using excessive power to instill fear in the residents. The COPP style entails the inversion of the power pyramid in an effort to give the line level officers authority to be creative in their policing efforts thus making the society safer. Traditional policing, on the other hand, entails a management that has all the power leaving none for the junior officers who are always subject to them. Both approaches, on the other hand, have the management that ensures that the junior officers know what is expected of them thus holding them accountable (Sozer, 2013). The COPP strategy has mechanisms in place that used in the identification of burnout within the officers as well as the mechanisms to deal with the burnout thus enhancing productivity. The traditional strategy, on the other hand, uses exertion of force on the officers to make them productive which results in frustrations and thus excessive use of force losing the community confidence (Jones, 2007).

The supervising officers in the COPP style practice the principles of community policing within their organization during the traditional policing supervisors only implement in the society. The COPP style supports the supervisors in the elimination of the barriers that limit the implementation of the community policing ideologies. The traditional policing, on the other hand, does not offer any support to the supervisors as their roles are in the provision of reports to the top level management. The supervisors in the COPP are given the autonomy by the leadership to innovate in regard to the policies that help in the enhancement of the policing strategies. The traditional policing offers no room for innovation as the supervisors are needed to enforce what has already been stipulated by the management.

Community policing and drug abuse among the teenagers would entail the identification of the problem and prioritization of the problem in terms of the prevalence. Engaging the community ensures that, the policing officer furnished with the information regarding the causes as well as the types and supply network. Once the officers analyze the information obtained in terms of the locations of the drops, the victims, the suppliers as well as the causes, the begin implementing responses. The information they have from the community will enable them implement policies that ensure there is an arrest of the suppliers as well as means of helping the youth involved. The supply models that were being used will be eliminated entirely as the information they have offers the roots causes and the most successful approaches (Harpaz, 2013).

The traditional model of the drug abuse by the youth case would involve carrying out arrests of the community members who fail to provide the information. The information they coerce from the members will lead to the arrest and prosecution of the youth as well as the suppliers. A COPP strategy in handling the possible terrorists’ cell ensures that the policing officers via engagement of the community have all the information they have to arrest the terrorist. Because the terrorists live in the community, a cordial working relationship between them and police would ensure they offer credible information. The information once acted upon by the police will ensure successful apprehension of the terrorist.

Traditional policing on the same problem of terrorism would see the policing officers threatening the community if they fail to provide information. Since the Terrorists have sympathizers, they will be warned in time to either escape of carry out their attack faster (Clarke, 2006).

COPP is more useful in that it addresses the root causes of the problem thus the policies implemented ensure that the problem does not recur as the various operators eliminated. The engaging of the community as team players ensures that the police get credible information and in time to act on the same information. The traditional policing approach, on the other hand, solves the problem only for the face value, failing to address the most pertinent issues. As a result, they only handle what they can see since they do not have enough information to inform their options. Thus, the problem continues to cripple the society on a recurring basis since the same solutions will provide (Jones, 2007). Combining the approaches would not work as some members of the community will be hurt in the process and as a result act against the police. The resultant effect is in the situation being made to be worse than originally.

The COPP strategy is the most practical as well as useful in the current world. The sophistication the criminals are currently as well as the increase in crimes only calls for the police and community to combine their efforts in addressing the contemporary crimes. Combining both approaches will not work as the members offering information should voluntary. Coercing them to volunteer will leading to the creation of half backed policies unable to stem out the vice they were targeting (Adams, 2005). The traditional policing strategies needs a restricting to ensure that the officers respect the community and try to engage them the solving of the problems. The approach also needs to change the management system by allowing the officers to have the leeway to innovate in the approach when handling the members. Though the changes, the approach will win community approval thus enjoy the cooperation and betters policies, as a result. The COPP, on the other hand, needs to employ a mode of rewarding the members who offer them the most valuable information regarding crimes in the society. Additionally, the approach needs to put in place a witness protection program to guarantee the safety of the cooperating members by showing that they will safeguard their lives (Sozer, 2013).

References

Adams, R. E., Rohe, W. M., & Arcury, T. A. (2005). Awareness of community-oriented policing and neighborhood perceptions in five small to midsize cities. Journal Of Criminal Justice, 33(1), 43-54. doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2004.10.008

Clarke, C. (2006). Proactive Policing: Standing on the Shoulders of Community‐Based Policing. Police Practice & Research, 7(1), 3-17. doi:10.1080/15614260600579508

Harpaz, A., & Herzog, S. (2013). Police officers' acceptance of community policing strategy in Israel and their attitudes towards the Arab minority. Israel Affairs, 19(1), 191-213. doi:10.1080/13537121.2013.748294

Jones, B. R. (2007). COMMENT: VIRTUAL NEIGHBORHOOD WATCH: OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE AND COMMUNITY POLICING AGAINST CYBERCRIME. Journal Of Criminal Law & Criminology, 97(2), 601-629.

Sozer, M. A., & Merlo, A. V. (2013). The impact of community policing on crime rates: does the effect of community policing differ in large and small law enforcement agencies?. Police Practice & Research, 14(6), 506-521. doi:10.1080/15614263.2012.661151.

Sherry Roberts is the author of this paper. A senior editor at MeldaResearch.Com in pre written college essays. If you need a similar paper you can place your order from pay someone to write my research paper services.