VRRP Function on Industrial Grade Router

Posted by E-Lins Technology on October 23rd, 2019

VRRP is a selection protocol that dynamically assigns the responsibilities of a virtual router to one of the VRRP routers on the LAN. The VRRP router, which controls the virtual router's IP address, is called the master router and it forwards packets to these virtual IP addresses. Once the primary router is unavailable, this selection process provides a dynamic failover mechanism, which allows the IP address of the virtual router to act as the default first-hop router for the terminal host. Is a LAN access device backup protocol. All hosts in a LAN set default gateway, so that messages sent by the host whose destination address is not in the local network segment will be sent to the three-layer switch through the default gateway, thus realizing the communication between the host and the external network.

VRRP is a fault tolerant routing protocol, which can also be called backup routing protocol. All hosts in a local area network set default routing. When the destination address sent by the host in the network is not in the local network segment, the message will be sent to the external router through default routing, thus realizing the communication between the host and the external network. When the default router is down (that is, the port is closed), the internal host will not be able to communicate with the external. If the router is set with VRRP, then the virtual router will enable the backup router to realize the whole network communication.

VRRP (Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol), Virtual routing Redundancy Protocol

Is a fault-tolerant protocol. Generally, all hosts in a network set a default route, so that messages sent by the host whose destination address is not in the local network segment will be sent to the router RouterA through the default route, thus realizing the communication between the host and the external network. When the router RouterA fails, all hosts in the segment with the default route of RouterA as the next hop will break the communication with the outside and cause a single point of failure. VRRP is proposed to solve the above problems. It is designed for local area networks (such as Ethernet) with multicast or multicast capabilities.

The working process of VRRP is as follows:

When the router turns on VRRP, it determines its role in the backup group based on priority. High-priority routers become primary routers and low-priority ones become standby routers. The host router sends VRRP notice messages regularly to inform other routers in the backup group that they are working normally. The standby router starts the timer to wait for the notification message to arrive.

In different preemptive modes, VRRP has different substitutions for the dominant role:

In preemption mode, when the standby router receives the VRRP notification message, it will compare its priority with the priority in the notification message. If it is greater than the priority in the notification message, it becomes the primary router. Otherwise, it will remain in a standby state.

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