Drug treatment and progress in Alzheimer's disease ——Alzheimer chemical drug and

Posted by Well carlota on November 5th, 2019

Alzheimer's disease is a group of primary degenerative brain degeneration diseases whose etiology is unknown. More onset in the old age, latent onset, slow and irreversible, clinically based on intelligent damage, pathological changes are mainly diffuse atrophy of the cortex, widening of the sulcus, enlargement of the ventricles, a large number of neurons, and visible age spots (SP), neurofibrillary knot (NFT) and other lesions, choline acetylase and acetylcholine content was significantly reduced. Before the age of 65, the old name is pre-disease dementia, or Alzheimer's disease, and there are many family history of the same disease. The disease develops rapidly, and the lesions of temporal lobe and parietal lobe are more obvious. There are often aphasia and disuse.

In 1907, the German doctor Arois Alzheimer (1864 ~ 1915) first described it. Only when Alzheimer's disease patients die can they be diagnosed with this disease, because only the loss of the nerve cells in the brain and the decline (brain tissue reduction or atrophy) can be checked. Make a diagnosis of the disease. We can find signs of aging in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease (loss of nerve cells or waxy deposits, known as amyloid). They are usually located close to the brain that is thought to be an area that controls memory and higher cognitive processes such as self-perception, problem solving, and reasoning. Nearly 50% of all people affected by dementia have Alzheimer's disease. When the age of dementia patients is over 85, the proportion will increase to 70%. Alzheimer's disease is progressive and declining. Although this disease can occur at any age, it usually occurs between the ages of 60 and 70. When people are diagnosed with the disease, they usually live for 5 to 10 years. However, new research shows that the survival rate of this disease is declining. At present, it can still live for about 3.3 years after suffering from the disease.

50%-60% of Alzheimer's disease is Alzheimer's disease, and so far there is no specific drug. The purpose of treatment is to improve cognitive dysfunction and improve the quality of life of patients, mainly including the following categories:

1.Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (Alzheimer Chemical Drug)

AD is characterized by neuronal reduction, synaptic damage, neurofibrillary tangles, and nerve and vascular plaques. The main symptoms of AD are mainly caused by choline dysfunction, which provides a theoretical basis for the drug treatment of AD. The disappearance of cholinergic transmission was observed in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of many CE patients. This suggests that administration of cholinergic stimulation is at least a way to alleviate certain symptoms of AD.

Representative drugs are: tacrine, donepezil, rivastigmine, huperzine-A, galantamine.

2. Metabolic drugs

Piracetam, aniracetam,

3. Nerve growth factor enhancer

Propentofylline

4. Other (Alzheimer Stem Cell Therapy)

In recent years, in the research of AD, new drugs have been developed, which have been developed and developed, such as drugs that affect free radical metabolism, calcium antagonists, hormone drugs, etc., and research on traditional Chinese medicine has made significant progress, and it has been well-developed. Recalling the Chinese herbal medicine preparations such as oral liquid. In addition, with the in-depth study of free radical theory and cerebellar blood vessels, the further development of cytokine gene engineering and the emergence of new cholinergic drugs will further broaden the research drug of AD. Although there is no cure for this disease, umbilical cord blood stem cell transplantation has achieved good results in the treatment of senile dementia patients. Because cord blood is rich in stem cells that can differentiate into nerve cells. Stem cell transplantation for the treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular disease and neurodegenerative diseases has yielded some results.