Everything You Need To Know About Stem Cell Therapy

Posted by Vaishnav Kumar on February 14th, 2020

Are you curious about knowing what stem cells are and how they are used for various therapeutic purposes?

Here are the answers to your queries regarding stem cell therapy:-

Defining stem cell

The stem cells are cells from which other specialized cells are generated for specific functions. Stem cells can be divided into form cells technically known as daughter cells. Daughter cells become a new stem cell, (called is a self-renewal) or become specialized cells (differentiation) having a more specific function. There are specific types of stem cells such as heart muscle cells, blood cells, bone cells or nerve cells. Other than stem cells, no other cell in the body has the natural ability to generate new types of cells. The use of stem cells is extensively done in transplant and regenerative medicines.

What is stem cell therapy?

Stem cell therapy refers to the treatment of various disorders in the human body that are non-serious to life-threatening. In this therapy, stem cells are used procured from different sources. The therapy so far has been used to cure more than 80 disorders including neuromuscular and degenerative ones.

Also known as regenerative medicine, this therapy also promotes the repair response of diseased, dysfunctional or injured tissue using system cells or their derivatives.

This therapy uses cells instead of donor organs due to the limited supply of organs.

The benefit of stem cell therapy

This therapy has an advantage that researches can grow stem cells in the lab. Stem cell generation can be manipulated according to the specific requirement.

Stem cell therapy has proved beneficial in diseases like:-

• Spinal cord injuries
• Type 1 diabetes
• Burns
• Parkinson's disease
• Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
• Osteoarthritis
• Alzheimer's disease
• Cancer
• Heart disease
• Stroke

How does this therapy work?

Researches grow stem cells in the lab and then these are implanted into the diseased person.

For instance, if a person has heart disease, the stem cells are injected into the heart muscle. The healthy transplanted heart muscle cells together with the stem cells fasten the repairing of defective heart muscles. Research has shown that adult bone marrow cells are likely to become heart-like cells and can repair heart tissue in people.

Another Name for Stem Cell Transplant

Stem cell transplant is referred to as a bone marrow transplant in medical terms. In this process, stem cells replace cells damaged by chemotherapy or disease.

Stem cells serve as a method for enhancing the donor's immune system, to help them fight various types of cancers and blood-related diseases such as leukemia, lymphoma, neuroblastoma and multiple myeloma.

According to Dr Anand Srivastava, a well-known stem cell therapy doctor, “For these transplants, adult stem cells or umbilical cord blood are used”. Researches are being conducted for treatment including degenerative diseases like heart failure via stem cell transplant.

Stem cell treatment across the world

The US national marrow donor program has released the list of diseases that can be cured by blood stem cell transplant. To believe statistics, more than 26000 patients are treated with this treatment in Europe alone each year.

A new stem-cell-based treatment is being used in Europe to repair the damaged cornea (the surface of the eye) in case injury is received through the chemical burn.

Challenges against stem cell treatment

Stem cell treatments are all specialist procedures. And hence they should be performed only in specialized centres authorized by the national health authority.

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