Your Perfect Guide on Stem Cell Therapy

Posted by Vaishnav Kumar on February 17th, 2020

Stem cells are either multipotent or Pluripotent types of cells that develop in the body. They tend to develop continuously without replenishing the other cells of the body till the human is alive if the process of cell division occurs, few cells potentially become a ‘daughter cell' which is a Stem cell, or get transformed to another cell, such as muscle cell, brain cell, or red blood cell etc.

What are the different types of stem cells in the human body?

According to Dr Anand Srivastava, the stem cells are categorized into three types:-

•        Totipotent cell –These types of stem cells have the potential to transform themselves into a whole organism, they tend to divide and develop into a stem cell that eventually nourishes the foetus and its development. Fertilization of egg is a Tutipotent cell.
•        Pluripotent cell – These cells originate from Tutipotent cell, they transform themselves by getting divided into three types of human body tissue, Ectoderm: these cells are the nervous system, skin tissue. Mesoderm: these cells are primarily Bone, Muscle, and Blood. Endoderm: these cells are human gut lining.
•        Multipotent cell – Pluripotent cell further specializes in multipotent cells, it becomes too specialized for using it in any other body tissue.

Types of Stem cells in the human body

Stem cells categorized according to its specific stage development, here are few of them:-

•        Foetal stem cell
•        Embryonic stem cell
•        Cord blood stem cell
•        Induced Pluripotent stem cell

Definition of Stem cell therapy

Dr Anand Srivastava explains that stem cells that are derived from a person’s own blood, marrow, umbilical cord, to treat some diseases of that person through stem cells. These cells have the potential to create new cells, which are called generative cells as well.

What is the working procedure of Stem Cells?

According to Dr Anand Srivastava, stem cells standard working procedure is to administer these cells directly in higher quantity into the damaged cell, stem cell tries to repair or regenerate the damaged cell, it tends to start the healing procedure on its own, as per the assumption, stem cells repairs the damaged cells by activating the diseased tissues. Scientific study has revealed life-saving abilities of the stem cells; these stem cells could prove to be beneficial for treating life-threatening diseases and other bodily injuries.

The medical procedure of Stem cell therapy

Stem cell therapy is done to treat certain diseases caused to the patients, all necessary details and enquiries are done preliminarily, patient consent is also important, after procuring consent, minimally invasive surgery is performed to extract bone marrow. Patients should be advised not to take blood thinners prior to the surgery by at least ten days before; a second opinion is also advised by the doctors. Bone marrow is extracted from the hip bone of the patient, the procedure normally lasts for not more than a half an hour, and proper anaesthesia is done on the operating area of the body, though it can cause a little discomfort to the patient. However, extraction of bone is relatively painless. Extracted bone marrow is sent to the lab for further procedure. After a proper and thorough analysis of the extract, if the concentration of the extract is two million CD34+ cells with 80% of viability, then the cells are recommended for the treatment of the patient.

Diseases treated by Stem cell therapy

According to Dr Anand Srivastava, stem cell therapy is extensively used in

•        Diabetes mellitus
•        Mental disorders
•        Motor neurone
•        Alzheimer
•        Multiple sclerosis
•        Strokes
•        Autism
•        Brain haemorrhage
•        Cerebral  palsy
•        Dementia

Side effects of Stem cell therapy

Stem cell therapy has few side effects to get beware of:-

•        Anaemia
•        Sexual disorientation
•        Extreme fatigue
•        Infection
•        Lack of appetite
•        Difficulty in eating and drinking
•        Mouth ulcers and sores
•        Stem cell legality and feasibility in India

MCI (medical council of India) suggests stem cell therapy in India as an experiment only. Bone marrow transplant, umbilical cord, the adult stem is permitted, while embryonic cell therapy is restricted by the legal body.

The success rate of stem cell therapy is around 60% to 80% in India; the cost of the treatment in India is quite expensive, however much less compared to western countries. Stem cell therapy cost around 7 to 8 laths in India, depending upon the circumstances.

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